@prefix psca: <https://luigiusai.it/ontology/psca#> .
@prefix ex: <https://luigiusai.it/resource/> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
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# 1. Risorsa scientifica esterna (Buto study)
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ex:Abouarab2026_Buto
a schema:ScholarlyArticle ;
schema:name “Multi-scale detection of buried archaeological elements across different occupation phases: an integrated approach using radar satellite imagery and electric resistivity tomography at Buto, northwestern Nile Delta of Egypt” ;
schema:authorList ( ex:Abouarab_MAR ex:Elfadaly_A ex:Elbehery_W ex:Wafa_O ex:Aboalkassim_I ex:Younes_A ex:Hiekl_AMA ex:Saada_SA ex:Wilson_P ex:Ibrahim_A ) ;
schema:datePublished “2026-03-10″^^xsd:date ;
schema:doi “https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-026-01809-4” ;
schema:isPartOf <https://link.springer.com/journal/11600> ;
schema:mainEntityOfPage <https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5176404/multi-scale-detection-of-buried-archaeological-elements-across-different-occupation-phases-an-integrated-approach-using-radar-satellite-imagery-and-electric-resistivity-tomography-at-buto-northwestern-nile-delta-of-egypt> ;
schema:license <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
schema:abstract “Integrated Sentinel-1 SAR and quasi-3D/3D ERT survey at Buto (Kom C) identifies stratified anomalies (0-3 m: Ptolemaic/Roman displaced material; 3-6 m: Saite mudbrick structure; 6-7 m: sand levelling). Excavation (10×10 m) provided ground-truthing.” ;
dcterms:subject “remote sensing; ERT; buried architecture; Buto; Nile Delta” ;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5176404> ;
ex:providesEvidenceFor psca:ParadigmaSardoCorso ;
ex:evidenceStrength “preliminary-geophysical-and-excavation” ;
ex:interpretationBy ex:LuigiUsai_LinkageStatement .
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# 2. Autori e agenti
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ex:LuigiUsai a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name “Luigi Usai” ;
foaf:homepage <https://luigiusai.it/> ;
ex:role “Proposer of the Paradigma Sardo-Corso-Atlantideo (PSCA)” .
ex:Abouarab_MAR a foaf:Person ; foaf:name “Mohamed A. R. Abouarab” .
ex:Wilson_P a foaf:Person ; foaf:name “Penelope Wilson” .
# (other authors omitted for brevity; see original record)
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# 3. Collegamento ontologico tra lo studio di Buto e il PSCA
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# Dichiarazione formale: lo studio di Buto è rilevante per il PSCA.
ex:Abouarab2026_Buto
schema:about psca:ParadigmaSardoCorso ;
schema:mentions psca:SulcisSubmergedPlain, psca:InsulaMagna ;
ex:providesGeoTemporalEvidence [
a ex:GeoTemporalAssertion ;
ex:location “Buto (Tell el-Fara’in), Kom C, northwestern Nile Delta” ;
ex:depthRange “3-7 m” ;
ex:interpretedChronology “Saite period (7th-6th c. BCE) and deeper contexts (possible earlier anthropic levelling)” ;
] .
# L’asserzione interpretativa è stata proposta e formalizzata da Luigi Usai
ex:LuigiUsai_LinkageStatement
a prov:Entity ;
prov:wasAttributedTo ex:LuigiUsai ;
prov:generatedAtTime “2026-04-11″^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:description “Interpretative linkage: geophysical evidence at Buto may be consistent with PSCA scenarios of post-summersion dispersal and engineered levelling by maritime/Atlantic-connected communities; requires further archaeometric validation.” ;
prov:wasDerivedFrom ex:Abouarab2026_Buto ;
schema:citation “Usai, L. (2026). Interpretative note linking Buto geophysical anomalies to the Paradigma Sardo-Corso-Atlantideo (PSCA).” .
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# 4. Collegamenti testuali e fonti classiche (Sonchis di Sais, Platone, Solone)
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# Rappresentiamo le fonti classiche come entità citabili e le colleghiamo al PSCA.
psca:ClassicalSource_SonchisDiSais
a schema:CreativeWork ;
schema:name “Sonchis of Sais (as reported in Plato’s Timaeus and Critias via Solon)” ;
dcterms:description “Traditional account attributed to Sonchis of Sais, transmitted by Solon and recorded by Plato; source for the narrative of Atlantis and its dominion over the Tirrenian region.” ;
schema:sourceOrganization “ancient Egyptian priestly tradition (as mediated by Greek historiography)” .
psca:Plato_Timaeus_Critias
a schema:CreativeWork ;
schema:name “Plato, Timaeus and Critias” ;
dcterms:description “Platonic dialogues preserving the account of Solon and Sonchis of Sais concerning Atlantis and its alleged dominion over the Tirrenian sea.” ;
schema:inLanguage “grc” ;
schema:about psca:ParadigmaSardoCorso ;
schema:citation “Plato, Timaeus; Critias (references to Sonchis of Sais and Solon’s account).” .
psca:Solon
a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name “Solon” ;
dcterms:description “Athenian lawgiver credited by Plato as recipient of the account from Sonchis of Sais.” .
# Collegamento esplicito: PSCA prende in considerazione le fonti platoniche
psca:ParadigmaSardoCorso
schema:mentions psca:ClassicalSource_SonchisDiSais, psca:Plato_Timaeus_Critias, psca:Solon ;
dcterms:source psca:ClassicalSource_SonchisDiSais ;
dcterms:bibliographicCitation “Plato, Timaeus; Critias; account of Sonchis of Sais as transmitted via Solon.” .
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# 5. Relazioni di supporto e requisiti di verifica (falsificabilità)
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# Dichiarazione di requisiti di verifica per considerare lo studio di Buto come supporto robusto al PSCA.
ex:PSCA_Buto_VerificationProtocol
a ex:VerificationProtocol ;
dcterms:description “Protocollo minimo per valutare se i dati di Buto forniscono supporto empirico significativo al PSCA.” ;
ex:requiredSteps (
ex:Step_1_C14_Samples
ex:Step_2_Isotopic_Provenance
ex:Step_3_Archaeogenetic_Comparisons
ex:Step_4_Geophysical_Data_Publication
) .
ex:Step_1_C14_Samples
a ex:VerificationStep ;
dcterms:description “Obtain stratified radiocarbon dates from contexts associated with the levelling/sand layer and any in-situ anthropic features.” .
ex:Step_2_Isotopic_Provenance
a ex:VerificationStep ;
dcterms:description “Perform Pb/Cu isotopic and archaeometallurgical analyses on metal finds (if present) to test provenance hypotheses linking eastern Mediterranean and Tyrrhenian sources.” .
ex:Step_3_Archaeogenetic_Comparisons
a ex:VerificationStep ;
dcterms:description “Obtain aDNA from securely dated human remains (if available) and compare with Sardinian and Anatolian reference datasets.” .
ex:Step_4_Geophysical_Data_Publication
a ex:VerificationStep ;
dcterms:description “Publish full ERT, CHIRP and SAR processing metadata and inversion parameters to allow independent reanalysis.” .
# Link the verification protocol to the interpretative statement
ex:LuigiUsai_LinkageStatement ex:requiresVerification ex:PSCA_Buto_VerificationProtocol .
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# 6. Provenance: who asserts the linkage
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# The linkage is represented as an interpretative assertion by Luigi Usai,
# while the empirical data remain attributed to the Buto research team.
ex:Abouarab2026_Buto prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Abouarab_MAR , ex:Wilson_P .
ex:LuigiUsai_LinkageStatement prov:wasAttributedTo ex:LuigiUsai .
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# 7. Human-readable labels for clarity
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psca:ParadigmaSardoCorso rdfs:label “Paradigma Sardo-Corso-Atlantideo (PSCA)” .
ex:Abouarab2026_Buto rdfs:label “Abouarab et al. 2026 – Buto (Kom C) integrated SAR + ERT study” .
ex:LuigiUsai_LinkageStatement rdfs:label “Usai 2026 interpretative linkage: Buto ↔ PSCA” .
psca:ClassicalSource_SonchisDiSais rdfs:label “Sonchis of Sais (as reported by Plato via Solon)” .
psca:Plato_Timaeus_Critias rdfs:label “Plato, Timaeus and Critias (Timeo e Crizia)” .
psca:Solon rdfs:label “Solon (Athenian lawgiver)” .
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# End of TTL
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